(estar ~~~ hacer algo) to be about to do sth • (estaba a punto de salir) I was about to go out
acabar de (+inf)
(acabo de comer) I have just eaten
deberías (~ hacer X)
(~ hacer...) you should /šëd/ do...
estar
to be /bi:/ [PP: been; PR: I am, he/she/it is, we/you/they are; PS: I/he/she/it was, we/you/they were] • (dónde está la biblioteca?) where's the library • (está enfermo) he's ill • (aspecto) to look • (hoy estás muy guapo) you look very nice today • (+ gerundio) to be + -ing • (están / estaban jugando) they are / were playing • (no ~ para) not to be in the mood for sth
gana
(de hacer caca etc) urge • (tengo ganas de hacer) I feel like doing • (tb, no tengo ganas de hacer) I have no wish to do sth • (v, no tengo ganas (de ir a eso) I'm not up to it
haber (v.tb. 'hay', 'hay que')
(v aux) to have [3P has; PS/PP had; neg: have not / haven't, etc.] • (ha estado trabajando) he has been working
hacer falta
(me hace falta un ordenador) I need a computer • (no hace falta que vengan) you don't need to come
hacerse
to become /bi'k^m/ [became become] • (quiere ~ famoso) he wants to become famous • (se hicieron amigos) they became friends • (ya se está haciendo viejo) he's getting old now
hay
there + to be (there is, there are, there was, there were, there will be, etc.) • (no hay patatas en la mesa) there aren't any potatoes on the table • (hay agua en la mesa) there's some water on the table • (hay un tenedor en la mesa) there's a fork on the table
hay que
(~~ ser valiente) you must be brave
ir a (perífrasis de futuro)
to be going to + V
necesitar
to need /ni:d/ [(conj reg) do not (don't) need / (conj modal) need not (needn't)] • (~ hacer algo) to need to do sth (!mejorar)
parecer (v)
(tener parecido) to look like • (pareces una reina) you look like a queen • (tener un aspecto) to look • (pareces cansado) you look tired • (causar una impresión) to seem • (parecía tener prisa) he seemed to be in a hurry • (su intención parece buena) his intention seems good • (expresando opinión: + me/te/le: todo le parece mal) he's never happy with anything • (me parece inoportuno) it seems very ill-timed to me • (me parece importante) I think it's important • (¿qué te parecieron?) what did you think of them? • (si te parece bien) if that's alright / all right with you • (impers: parece que va a haber tormenta) it looks as if there's going to be a storm • (parece que va a llover) it looks like rain, it looks like it's going to rain • (parece mentira que tenga 20 años) it's hard to believe / I can't believe that he's twenty • (al ~, según parece) apparently
poder (v; v.tb.'podría')
(gen) can /kæn/ [v mod, neg: cannot, can't, PS could] • (~ hacer algo) can do sth, to be able to do sth • (tener permiso) can, may (do sth) [PS might] • [probabilidad] (pueden llegar en cualquier momento) they may arrive in any minute • (podría ser peligroso) it could / might be dangerous • (expr: hiciste lo que pudiste) you did your best
podría
may /mei/, could /kud/, might /mait/ [vs mods; de mayor a menor grado de probabilidad] • (~ ser peligroso) it might / could be dangerous
ser (v aux + n; v.tb.'son las','fecha 2')
to be /bi:/ [PP been; PR I am, he/she/it is, we/you/they are; PS: I/he/she/it was, we/you/they were; neg: + not] • (es maestro) he's a teacher
ser (v aux + adj)
to be • (es alta) she's tall, she is tall
ser (voz pasiva)
to be • (será juzgado el lunes) he will be tried on Monday
ser (expresiones impersonales)
(es un gato) it's a cat
ser (otros)
(lo que sea) whatever • (sea como sea) no matter how (who / what...) • (si no fuera por...) if it weren't for sth/sb
ser de (origen)
to be (from somewehere) • (soy de Jaén) I'm from Jaén
ser de (posesión)
(es de Tom) it's Tom's
ser de (material)
(es de aluminio) it's made of aluminium
ser de (resultar (imp))
--
soler
(suele pasar por aquí) he usually comes this way • (solíamos ir todos los años a la playa) we used to go to the beach every year
son las (+ hora; incluye express genéricas de hora; v.tb.'menos cuarto', 'y cuarto', 'y media', 'a 2', 'hora')
(son las siete) it's seven o'clock
tener
to have /hæv/ [PR3p has; PS/PP had; neg: don't have (Am), haven't (got) (GB)] • (mi hija tiene diez años) my daughter is ten (years old) • (tengo frío / sed / miedo) I am cold / thirsty / frightened • (tiene tres metros de largo) it's three metres long • (tienes las manos sucias) your hands are dirty • (GB: ¿Arthur tiene su llave esta noche?) has Arthur got his key tonight? • (no tiene coche) he hasn't got a car • (no tiene dinero) he hasn't got any money • (por favor tenga este libro a mano) please keep this book at hand
tener que
to have to do sth [neg con 'do'], must /m^st/ do sth [v mod: neg: must not, mustn't]
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